While most people who gamble do so for enjoyment, a small proportion of individuals become too involved in gambling to the extent that it causes serious personal, social and family problems. Problem gambling is a behavioral addiction characterized by the repeated unsuccessful attempts to control, cut back or stop gambling, and ongoing preoccupation with gambling despite negative consequences. In addition to being a source of intense emotional distress, gambling disorder can be financially devastating.
Gambling is more than just betting on the outcome of a game or event, and it involves more than luck. There are many types of gambling, including lottery, scratch-off tickets, casino games, sports wagering and video games that include loot boxes (see the article in Nature Human Behavior, Vol. 2, 2018). All of these forms of gambling require consideration, risk and the potential for loss. In the case of casinos and online gaming, players must also pay for their entertainment.
Like other addictions, gambling can change the brain’s reward system and trigger unhealthy thought patterns. These include the illusion of control, irrational beliefs and the gambler’s fallacy. Retraining the brain to think differently is essential for managing gambling addiction. Practices such as meditation, yoga and deep breathing can help slow down the thoughts that lead to gambling and refocus attention on healthy alternatives.
A person who has a problem with gambling often becomes obsessed with the idea of winning, and they may lie to themselves or others in order to make this happen. They may also spend large amounts of time and money on gambling, despite the fact that they are losing more than they’re winning. Problem gamblers are at increased risk of suicide, and one in two will think about it at some point in their life.
Dealing with a loved one who has a gambling problem can be stressful and confusing. Whether you’re a partner, spouse or parent, there are ways to cope with gambling addiction in the home and in treatment programs. For example, you can set boundaries in managing money; take control of the family’s finances and review bank and credit card statements; and speak to a professional about local referral resources for certified gambling counselors or intensive gambling treatment programs.
Avoiding triggers is key when it comes to fighting compulsive gambling. If your route to and from work passes a casino, for example, consider taking an alternative route. You can also limit your access to credit cards and nonessential cash, and leave them at home when you go out.
You can also replace problem gambling with stimulating alternatives, such as rekindling an old hobby or trying something new. Other activities that can help manage a gambling addiction include getting exercise, spending time with friends and family, and participating in therapy and other support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous and Gamblers Anonymous. CU Boulder offers mental health services and academic support for students, staff and faculty, and you can schedule an appointment through AcademicLiveCare or attend a Let’s Talk session.
